Two Types of Mouse T Helper Cell
نویسنده
چکیده
Many long-term mouse Th cell clones can be divided into two types, based on the pattern of cytokines secreted in response to antigen or lectin stimulation . Thl clones secrete IL-2, IFN-y, and lymphotoxin (LT),' whereas Th2 clones express IL4, IL-5, IL-6, and a gene of unknown function, P600 (1-4) . Both types of clone secrete IL-3, granulocyte-macrophage CSF (GM-CSF), TNFa, preproenkephalin, and several other induction-specific proteins. The differences between Thl and Th2 cytokine synthesis patterns lead to markedly different functions (5-8). Th2 clones are normally better B cell helpers (8, 9), while Thl clones, although they can provide B cell help in some circumstances (7, 10, 11), preferentially induce macrophage activation (12) and delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) (6). Recent evidence (Street, N. E., J . H. Schumacher, T A. T Fong, H . Bass, D. F Fiorentino, J. A. Leverah, and T. R. Mosmann, manuscript in preparation) (13-15) suggests that other differentiation states of mouse Th cells exist, and that the Thl and Th2 phenotypes represent activated effector cells . The existence ofthese twomajor types ofTh cell mayexplain the well-documented separation of immune responses into DTH or antibody production, which often appear to be mutually exclusive (16) . If B cell help and DTH are predominantly mediated by Th2 and Thl cells, respectively, this suggests that Thl and Th2 cells may be mutually inhibitory (17, 18). The Thl product IFN-y inhibits proliferation of Th2 clones in vitro (19, 20), while an unknown product of a Th2 clone may inhibit the proliferation of Thl clones (21) . In addition to crossinhibition of proliferation, we considered the possibility that inhibitors of Thl and Th2 effector function also exist . Here, we report the preliminary characterization of a cytokine produced by Th2 clones that inhibits the synthesis ofseveral cytokines by Thl clones . This cytokine, which we have called cytokine synthesis inhibitory factor (CSIF), has been distinguished from the other known Th2 cytokines .
منابع مشابه
Two types of murine helper T cell clone. I. Definition according to profiles of lymphokine activities and secreted proteins.
A panel of antigen-specific mouse helper T cell clones was characterized according to patterns of lymphokine activity production, and two types of T cell were distinguished. Type 1 T helper cells (TH1) produced IL 2, interferon-gamma, GM-CSF, and IL 3 in response to antigen + presenting cells or to Con A, whereas type 2 helper T cells (TH2) produced IL 3, BSF1, and two other activities unique t...
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